Genetic engineering is a biotechnology technique that involves the direct manipulation of an organism’s genome using biotechnological tools. This process can include the addition, deletion, or alteration of specific DNA sequences to achieve desired traits or characteristics in an organism. Genetic engineering can be applied to various organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, and is used in numerous fields such as agriculture, medicine, and research.
In agriculture, it can enhance crop resistance to pests, improve yield, and increase nutritional value. In medicine, genetic engineering can be used to produce insulin, develop gene therapies, and create vaccines. Techniques used in genetic engineering include CRISPR-Cas9, recombinant DNA technology, and gene cloning. The field raises ethical considerations and potential risks associated with altering natural organisms, leading to ongoing debates regarding safety, environmental impact, and moral implications.
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